jsp跳转getRequestDispatcher()和sendRedirect()的区别

  1.request.getRequestDispatcher()是请求转发,前后页面共享一个request ;

  response.sendRedirect()是重新定向,前后页面不是一个request。

  2.RequestDispatcher.forward()是在服务器端运行;

  HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect()是通过向客户浏览器发送命令来完成.

  所以RequestDispatcher.forward()对于浏览器来说是“透明的”;

  而HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect()则不是。

  3.ServletContext.getRequestDispatcher(String url)中的url只能使用绝对路径; 而ServletRequest.getRequestDispatcher(String url)中的url可以使用相对路径。因为ServletRequest具有相对路径的概念;而ServletContext对象无次概念。

  RequestDispatcher对象从客户端获取请求request,并把它们传递给服务器上的servlet,html或jsp。它有两个方法:

  1.void forward(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response)

  用来传递request的,可以一个Servlet接收request请求,另一个Servlet用这个request请 求来产生response。request传递的请求,response是客户端返回的信息。forward要在response到达客户端之前调用,也 就是 before response body output has been flushed。如果不是的话,它会报出异常。

  2.void include(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response)

  用来记录保留request和response,以后不能再修改response里表示状态的信息。

  如果需要把请求转移到另外一个Web App中的某个地址,可以按下面的做法:

  1. 获得另外一个Web App的ServletConext对象(currentServletContext.getContext(uripath)).

  2. 调用ServletContext.getRequestDispatcher(String url)方法。

  eg:ServletContext.getRequestDispatcher(“smserror.jsp”).forward(request,response);

  代码实例:

  index.jsp:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GBK"%>

  <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>

  My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page

  <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />

  <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />

  <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0" />

  <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" />

  <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page" />

  <!--

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

  -->

  <form action="servlet/session" method="post">

  用户名:<input type="text" name="username" />

  密码:<input type="password" name="password" />

  <input type="submit" />

  </form>

  session.java:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  import java.io.IOException;

  import java.io.PrintWriter;

  import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;

  import javax.servlet.ServletException;

  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

  import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

  public class session extends HttpServlet {

  /**

  * Constructor of the object.

  */

  public session() {

  super();

  }

  /**

  * Destruction of the servlet.

  */

  public void destroy() {

  super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log

  // Put your code here

  }

  /**

  * The doGet method of the servlet.

  *

  * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.

  *

  * @param request the request send by the client to the server

  * @param response the response send by the server to the client

  * @throws ServletException if an error occurred

  * @throws IOException if an error occurred

  */

  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

  throws ServletException, IOException {

  doPost(request, response);

  }

  /**

  * The doPost method of the servlet.

  *

  * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.

  *

  * @param request the request send by the client to the server

  * @param response the response send by the server to the client

  * @throws ServletException if an error occurred

  * @throws IOException if an error occurred

  */

  public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

  throws ServletException, IOException {

  String username = "";

  String password = "";

  username = request.getParameter("username");

  password = request.getParameter("password");

  HttpSession session = request.getSession();

  session.setAttribute("username", username);

  session.setAttribute("password", password);

  request.setAttribute("name", username);

  request.setAttribute("pwd", password);

  RequestDispatcher dis = request.getRequestDispatcher("/getsession.jsp");

  dis.forward(request, response);

  /*

  response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8080/sessiontest/getsession.jsp");

  */

  //这个路径必须是这样写,而不能像上面的request.getRequestDispatcher那样使用相对路径

  //  而且要是使用response.sendRedirect的话在下面的session.jsp中不能通过request.getAttribute来获取request对象

  //因为前后使用的不是同一个request,但是session可以,因为session会一直存在直到用户关闭浏览器

  }

  /**

  * Initialization of the servlet.

  *

  * @throws ServletException if an error occurs

  */

  public void init() throws ServletException {

  // Put your code here

  }

  }

  getsession.jsp:

  

复制代码 代码如下:

  <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GBK"%>

  <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>

  My JSP 'getsession.jsp' starting page

  <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />

  <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />

  <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0" />

  <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" />

  <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page" />

  <!--

  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

  -->

  <%   out.print("");   String username = (String)session.getAttribute("username");

  String password = (String)session.getAttribute("password");

  String name = (String)request.getAttribute("name");

  String pwd = (String)request.getAttribute("pwd");

  out.println("username " + username + " password " +password);

  //如果上面是使用response.sendRedirect的话就不能获取到name和pwd

  out.println("name " + name + "pwd "+ pwd);

  %>